If you're applying for a job in management consulting, chances are you've heard the phrase “case interview” tossed around—often with a mix of awe and anxiety. But what exactly is a consulting case interview, and why does it matter so much in the recruiting process?
In this article, we’ll unpack what a case interview is, what firms are looking for, the different types of cases you might encounter, and how to prepare effectively to land your offer.
1. The Basics: What Is a Case Interview?
A case interview is a job interview format used by consulting firms like McKinsey, BCG, and Bain. You're presented with a business problem—often inspired by real client situations—and asked to solve it live with your interviewer.
This interview format tests your ability to:
- Structure complex problems logically
- Think critically and quantitatively
- Communicate clearly and confidently
- Navigate ambiguity under time pressure
2. Why Do Consulting Firms Use Case Interviews?
Consulting firms want to hire candidates who can solve problems in real time. The case interview allows them to assess your:
- Analytical thinking: Quick math, data interpretation, logical steps
- Business sense: Do your ideas reflect real-world viability?
- Structured communication: Can you lay out your logic clearly?
- Coachability: Do you accept feedback and adapt?
It’s more about how you think than getting the “right” answer.
3. What Does a Case Interview Look Like?
A standard case interview lasts 30–45 minutes and starts with a business scenario. For example:
“Our client is a beverage company whose sales declined last year. They want to know why and what to do next.”
You’ll then go through a sequence:
- Restate the objective
- Ask clarifying questions
- Present your structure
- Analyze data and do math
- Synthesize findings and make a recommendation
Some firms (like McKinsey) use an interviewer-led format; others (like BCG and Bain) are candidate-led.
4. Types of Case Interview Questions
Common case themes include:
- Profitability: Diagnosing revenue or cost issues
- Market entry: Should the client launch in a new market?
- M&A: Evaluating an acquisition opportunity
- Pricing strategy: How to price a product or service
- Operations: How to improve processes or reduce costs
You may also face math drills, brainstorming rounds, or market sizing exercises such as:
“Estimate the market size for streaming subscriptions in Spain.”
5. How to Prepare for Case Interviews
Case interviews are a skill you can develop. Here's how:
- Understand the fundamentals – Learn how to structure and solve cases using books, videos, or platforms like Case2Offer.
- Practice out loud – Use mock interviews with peers or mentors.
- Drill core skills – Sharpen your mental math and data interpretation.
- Get feedback – Identify blind spots and refine your style.
- Simulate the real experience – Practice under timed conditions.
6. Don’t Forget the Fit Interview
In addition to the case, you’ll be asked behavioral questions to evaluate your motivation, teamwork, and leadership. Common examples include:
- “Why consulting?”
- “Tell me about a time you led a team.”
- “Describe a challenge you overcame.”
Prepare these stories with the same rigor as your case prep.
Final Thoughts
A consulting case interview may seem intimidating—but it’s also your chance to demonstrate how you think, solve, and communicate. With consistent practice and a clear strategy, you can master the case and move one step closer to your consulting offer.
Remember: Every top consultant once solved their first case. This could be yours.